oldest temple of nepal:swayambhunath

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Swayambhunath is an ancient religious complex atop a hill in the Kathmandu Valley, west of KathmanduMonkey Temple as there are holy monkeys living in parts of the temple in the north-west. The Tibetan name for the site means 'Sublime Trees', for the many varieties of trees found on the hill. However, Shing.kun may be a corruption of the local Newari name for the complex, Singgu, meaning 'self-sprung'.For the Buddhist Newars in whose mythological history and origin myth as well as day-to-day religious practice, Swayambhunath occupies a central position, it is probably the most sacred among Buddhist pilgrimage sites. For Tibetans and followers of Tibetan Buddhism, it second only to Boudhanath. city. It is also known as the
The Swayambhunath complex consists of a stupa, a variety of shrines and temples, some dating back to the Licchavi period. A Tibetan monastery, museum and library are more recent additions. The stupa has Buddha's eyes and eyebrows painted on. Between them, there is something painted which looks like the nose - but is the Nepali symbol of 'unity', in the main Nepali language dialect. There are also shops, restaurants and hostels. The site has two access points: a long stairway, claimed to have 365 steps, leading directly to the main platform of the temple, which is from the top of the hill to the east; and a car road around the hill from the south leading to the southwest entrance. The first sight on reaching the top of the stairway is the Vajra. Tsultrim Allione describes the experience:
We were breathless and sweating as we stumbled up the last steep steps and practically fell upon the biggest vajra (thunder-bolt scepter) that I have ever seen. Behind this vajra was the vast, round, white dome of the stupa, like a full solid skirt, at the top of which were two giant Buddha eyes wisely looking out over the peaceful valley which was just beginning to come alive.
Much of Swayambhunath's iconography comes from the Vajrayana tradition of Newar Buddhism. However, the complex is also an important site for Buddhists of many schools, and is also revered by Hindus.

Biggest Lake of Nepal:rara(mahendra lake)

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Rara Lake is the largest lake of Nepal, situated in Mugu district in the far western region of Nepal, near Gam Ghadi (district-headquarters of Mugu) and Talcha airstrip. It takes around 3 to 4 days of walking to reach Rara from Jumla.
The surface is around 8 square kilometer and the perimeter 9 kilometer. The length of the lake is 5 kilometers and it is 2 kilometers wide, the altitude around 3060 meter and the max. depth is 167 meter.
Rara is an unique spot in Nepal. The lake is situated in the Rara National Park and because of its remote location and the violence/threat of a revolutionary communist group (Maoists)  the lake has been visited by only few tourists in the past. Only in the second half of 2006 the situation improved and foreign visitors do not need to pay the high fee of around $100 per person to these Maoists anymore.

Biggest River of Nepal:Saptakoshi(28140sq.km)

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Saptakoshi River is an important river flowing into the Koshi River basin. It originates in the Tibetan mountains at an altitude of 5,646 metres. Fishing is an important enterprise on the river but the fishing resources are being depleted and the younger fishermen are leaving for other areas of work.
Sapta koshi is a large river in eastern Nepal. It flows into India to join the Ganges. The river name "Sapta" means "seven" in area languages, as seven rivers flow together out of the eastern himalaya to create the Sapta Koshi river. The seven rivers are the Indrawati, Bhote Koshi,Tama Koshi, Dudh Koshi, Liku, Arun, and Tamor. The Sapta Koshi river flow is controlled by a system of levees or embankments designed to control flooding and provide irrigation, and an adjustable dam at the Koshi Barrage at the Nepal-India border.
In August 2008, after very heavy rains, the Sapt Koshi broke through its eastern levee several miles north of the Nepal-India border. As the river changed course, it flooded a large swath across Sunsari District, Nepal, and Bihar, India, displacing millions of people.

The Longest River of Nepal:Karnali(507km)

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The Karnali river is a perennial, torrential, turbulent and undisturbed river of the Himalayas, which is one of the three major rivers of Nepal, the other two being Gandaki or Narayani River and Sapta koshi River. It originates from Mansarover and Rakes lake and receives many snow fed rivers such as Mugu Karnali and Humla Karnali at Himalayan belt. The Karnali basin lies between the mountain ranges of Dhaulagiri and Nanda Devi, in the western part of Nepal. In the north, it lies in the rain shadow of the Himalayas. The Karnali river has its origin in the perpetually snow covered Himalayan mountains.
The Karnali river is the longest river in Nepal, 507 Km in length, forms several gorges with its swift currents. A 202 Km long, Seti River, its feeder stream, drains the western part of the catchment, and joins the Karnali River in Doti north of Dundras hill. Another feeder stream, 264 Km long Bheri river, drains the eastern part of the Catchment and meets the Karnali River near Kuineghat in Surkhet.
It makes a spectacular gorge near Chisapani which contains diverse kinds of trans -Himalayan and sub-Himalayan fish species.
The bottom of the Karnali River is mostly boulder-strewn at its upper reaches and sandy at its lower reaches and the river water is clean except in rainy season. Its depth ranges from 3-10 m but in deep gorges varies from 50 m-100m. Karnali fans divides into two main channels, first Geruwa on the left and Kauralia on the right near downstream Chisapani.

Lowest Point of Nepal:Kechana Kawal

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Kechana Kawal is located in Jhapa district, eastern Nepal.Which is around 60 meters above the sea level.

Highest Point of Nepal:Mt.Everest(Sagarmatha)

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 Mount Everest is one of the tallest mountains in the world. It is part of the Himalayan Mountains. They were formed in the last few million years. After the supercontinent of Laurasia broke up millions of years ago, India moved slowly north towards Asia and then crashed into it. The seabed between the two plates (the earth's crust is divided into large areas of land called plates) was crumbled and pushed up on the northern rim of India to form mountains. These two plates of the earth's crust are still moving, so the Himalayas are being pushed up higher.
The highest mountain on the planet, Mount Everest is growing two inches taller each year. Satellite technology says the mountain is currently 29,107 feet tall. First recognized as the highest peek in 1852, it got its western name ten years later in 1862. Mount Everest was named for Sir George Everest (1790-1866), a British surveyor. Surveyors don't agree on the height of Mount Everest. The British government in the 1800's thought the height was 29,002 feet. In 1954 the Indian government said it's 29,028 feet, but a widely used unofficial figure says it is 29,141 feet!
Mount Everest sits on the border between Nepal and Tibet.
People from the western hemisphere weren't allowed to climb Mount Everest until the early 1920's. The first known climb that made it to the top was made by a New Zealander named Edmund Hillary and a Napalese named Tenzing Norgay. They climbed the mountain in 1953. Since then Everest has been climbed by 400 people. Access is restricted by the Nepalese to prevent too much damage to the environment.
Mount Everest is 97 degrees below freezing, talk about cold!

Mount Everest is also called Chomolangma, meaning “Goddess Mother of Snows” in Tibetan and Sagarmatha, meaning "Mother of the Universe" in Nepalese. The mountain is sacred to the native people.

Development Regions of Nepal

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Introduction to 5 Development Regions

Nepal was dived into 4 development regions in the year 2029. Later on, in the year 2037, seperate Far Western Development Region comprising Mahakali and Seti Zones was created. In this way Nepal was divided into 5 development regions with a development center in each region.The biggest development region is MWDR with the area of 42,378 sq.km. and the smallest is FWDR with the area of 19,539 sq.km. The second biggest WDR with its area 29,398 is followed by EDR 28,456 and CDR 27,410.


Five development Regions of Nepal: 


1.Far-Western Development Region


Far-Western Region is one of Nepal's five development regions. It is located at the western end of the country with headquarters at Dipayal.It is comprises of two zones called "SETI" and "MAHAKALI".
The major cities in this region are Dhangadi Municipality which is located in Kailali district of SETI Zone,
Mahendranagar which is the headquarter of Kanchanpur District in Mahakali Zone. It is located on the Mahakali River, six km. north of the India border. Kanchanpur is inhabited by people of various races including the indegenous Tharu people.Dipayal-Silgadhi municipality is the headquarters of Doti District and the Far-Western Region. It is within trekking distance of Khaptad National Park. Dipayal is also the name of the scenic valley of Seti River.Amargadhi is headquarters of Dadeldhura District.


2.Mid-Western Development Region


Mid Western Region is one of Nepal's five development regions. Westward from the Central region surrounding Kathmandu are the Western, Mid-Western and finally Far-Western regions. Counter-intuitively, Mid-Western lies west of Western.This development comprises of three zones called KARNALI,VHERI and RAPTI.




3.Western  Development Region (Pashchimanchal)
Western Development Region is also one of Nepal's five development regions. It is located in the west-central part of the country with headquarters in Pokhara.
It comprises three zones which are DHAWALAGIRI,LUMBINI and GANDAKI.


4.Central Development Region(Madhyamanchal)
Central Region is one of Nepal's five development regions. It is located in the east-central part of the country with headquarters at Kathmandu, the country's capital.
It comprises three zones which are BAGMATI,JANAKPUR and NARAYANI.


5.Eastern Region is one of Nepal's five development regions. It is located at the eastern end of the country with headquarters at Dhankuta.
It comprises three zones which areSAGARMATHA,MECHI and KOSHI.
The major cities of this region are Biratnagar, Rajbiraj, Dharan and Dhankuta. Another notable place is Namche Bazaar, the town near the base camp of Mt. Everest, Gaighat, which is located in a valley made by rivers Baruwa and Triyuga that meet up at Koshi, Lahan, the junction trade city, Itahari, Birtamod, and other locations.
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